Composition of catalyst
Most catalysts have three types of components that can be distinguished: active components, carriers, and promoters.
The active component is the main component of the catalyst, sometimes composed of one substance, sometimes composed of multiple substances.
The carrier is the dispersant, binder or support of the catalytically active component, and is the skeleton of the active component. The catalyst prepared by supporting the active component and the co-catalyst component on the carrier becomes a supported catalyst.
types of commonly used carriers: corundum, silicon carbide, pumice, diatomaceous earth, asbestos and refractory bricks have low specific surface area. High specific surface areas include alumina, SiO2-Al2O3, bauxite, clay, magnesium oxide, silica gel and activated carbon.
The cocatalyst is a small amount of substance added to the catalyst. It is an auxiliary component of the catalyst. It has no activity or little activity, but after they are added to the catalyst, they can change the chemical composition, chemical structure, and ion of the catalyst Valence state, acidity and basicity, lattice structure, surface structure, pore structure, dispersion state, mechanical strength, etc., thereby improving the activity, selectivity, stability and life of the catalyst.